The service life of solar panels, which refers to the length of time during which the panels are expected to function efficiently and reliably, is determined by various factors and entities within the solar industry. These factors include:

1. Manufacturers: Solar panel manufacturers play a crucial role in determining the service life of their products. They design and engineer solar panels with specific materials, technologies, and construction methods that are expected to last for a certain period. Manufacturers conduct rigorous testing to estimate the durability and lifespan of their solar panels under different environmental conditions.
2. Certification Bodies and Standards: Various certification bodies and standards organizations, such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL), set specific standards and guidelines that help determine the expected lifespan and performance of solar panels. These standards ensure that solar panels meet certain quality and safety criteria, which can influence their service life.
3. Independent Testing and Research Organizations: Independent testing and research organizations conduct performance and durability tests on solar panels to assess their reliability and longevity. These organizations provide valuable data and insights into the expected service life of solar panels, helping consumers and industry professionals make informed decisions.
4. Installation and Maintenance Practices: Proper installation and regular maintenance of solar panels significantly impact their service life. Following recommended installation guidelines and conducting routine maintenance checks can help maximize the lifespan of solar panels. Factors such as proper mounting, regular cleaning, and monitoring can contribute to the long-term performance of solar panel systems.
5. Environmental Conditions: The geographical location and environmental conditions where the solar panels are installed can affect their service life. Factors such as temperature fluctuations, humidity, UV exposure, and weather events can impact the durability and performance of solar panels over time.

While the aforementioned entities contribute to determining the service life of solar panels, it is crucial for consumers and industry professionals to understand the specific warranty terms provided by manufacturers, the quality standards the panels adhere to, and the importance of proper installation and maintenance practices in maximizing the longevity of the solar panel system.