Solar panels are designed to withstand outdoor conditions, including exposure to rain and other forms of moisture. To determine their resistance to water and dust, solar panels are typically assigned an Ingress Protection (IP) rating. The IP rating consists of two digits, with the first digit indicating the level of protection against solid objects (like dust) and the second digit indicating the level of protection against liquids (like water).

For solar panels, the IP rating is primarily concerned with the second digit, which relates to water resistance. Here are some common IP ratings you might encounter for solar panels:

1. IP65: Solar panels with an IP65 rating are dust-tight (the first digit is 6) and resistant to low-pressure water jets from all directions (the second digit is 5). These panels are suitable for outdoor use and can withstand rain and splashes.
2. IP66: Solar panels with an IP66 rating are also dust-tight (the first digit is 6) and even more water-resistant than IP65 panels. They can handle powerful water jets from all directions, making them suitable for locations with heavy rain or frequent cleaning.
3. IP67: Solar panels with an IP67 rating are dust-tight (the first digit is 6) and capable of withstanding immersion in water up to 1 meter deep for a limited time (the second digit is 7). These panels are highly water-resistant and can handle rain, splashes, and temporary submersion.
4. IP68: Solar panels with an IP68 rating are dust-tight (the first digit is 6) and can be submerged in water beyond 1 meter (the second digit is 8). They offer the highest level of water resistance and can endure extended submersion.

It’s important to note that while these IP ratings provide a general idea of a solar panel’s water resistance, the actual performance may vary between manufacturers and models. When selecting solar panels for your specific application, it’s advisable to check the manufacturer’s documentation and specifications for precise details on the IP rating and any additional protection features.

Additionally, solar panel installations typically include other components like junction boxes, connectors, and wiring. These components may also have their own IP ratings, so it’s important to consider the overall protection of the entire solar system when assessing its suitability for outdoor use in wet conditions.